Panch Mahal, Agra

The tallest building of the complex, Panch Mahal is built in five successively receding storeyed, this open structure comprises of eighty-four columns on the ground floor, a number regarded highly auspicious by Hindus. This number is derived by multiplying seven classically known planets with twelve zodiac signs. The topmost story is a single domed kiosk supported upon for columns making 176 in all. This is an interestingly asymmetric building with stairs connecting each level.

Akbar's Muslim Begums came to Panch Mahal to see the New Moon while his Rajput princesses visited here to see the full moon. The ground and first floor were originally divided in various apartments with screens to serve as living quarters for zanana. This was a place to enjoy view and breeze.

This open structure mitigates heat by deflecting and cooling harsh summer breeze. It also offers breathtaking view of the surroundings. A covered passage connected the Emperor's private apartments to this structure. It is structured in Hindu style but built like a Buddhist Vihara. The ground floor measures 22m by 18m. The first floor contains 65 columns, second floor with 20, third floor with 12 and top floor with 4 columns topped with a chhatri. Every column on the ground floor is unique in style and embellishments.